Rhamphorhynchus is one of the more famous of the Pterosaur species. This late Jurassic (159 to 144 million years ago) flier lived in what is now Europe. While only about 20 inches long, it was certainly a capable flier. “The Bare Bones” describes how CT scans of Rhamphorhynchus skull cavities show enlarged cerebellums which are needed for complicated motor coordination, large optic lobes for sharp eyesight, and huge inner ear areas devoted to balance. In addition, the scans showed that Rhamphorhynchus had enlarged regions of the brain that would provide great focus on prey as well as stability on the wing.
One of Rhamphorhynchus’ most notable features, according to Britannica, was its long tail tipped with a diamond-shaped structure. The purpose of the tail is unclear to scientists today since most flying animals don’t have a tail. It probably served to improve flight by acting as an aerial rudder.
Also, we know a bit about how Rhamphorhynchus lived. It had a long head and interlocking teeth that were perfect for catching fish. In fact, as “The Bare Bones” tells us, fossils of Rhamphorhynchus had fish bones found within them. It is likely that this animal got its meals by skimming the sea for fish, which it trapped with its toothy beak.